Public Value

It is a very big problem in our society to cause anxiety to the people because of the terrorism against politicians. In this respect, it is necessary to prepare new measures against the terrorist attacks on politicians. Despite the many security measures that have been carried out so far, there is a need for a new improvement plan due to the change of the age, new security equipment, and various new terrorist attacks taken place. Therefore, this study aims to identify the current problems of security for the politician and to propose a new improvement plan. This study is a case study analyzing terrorist incidents targeting politicians, after analyzing the causes of security failures based on the cases of terrorist attacks on politicians in Korea, it suggested the following improvement plan. First, in order to improve the crisis management response and the ability of security performance in the event of the terrorist attack against politicians, it is required for the security personnel to have excellent professional knowledge on politician security and excellent practical ability. When it comes to having these qualifications required, it is necessary to study the professional knowledge at university first, along with having excellent practical skills. Second, in order to improve the problems of inspection and preliminary detection that can be found through cases of terrorist attacks against politicians, it is vital to increase security personnel for politicians to develop the ability to detect in the field, to increase the number of inspection manpower before and during the security service for frequent inspections, and to improve the efficiency of the inspection through the dedicated area inspection.

Crime in Korea is becoming increasingly ferocious, elaborate and cruel with the development of the economy, and property crimes such as theft are becoming more careful and intelligent, making it difficult to arrest criminals. In particular, robbery and theft, which are considered as serious problems of crime, are a type of crime with a greater fear of crime than other crimes and need a profound discussion. The trespass theft, especially, in spite of the seriousness of the problem, it is difficult to know the exact amount of the damage because it is not separately classified in the official statistics. In addition, as the technology leaks of Korean companies increase every year, it is as urgent to set up a legal measure to protect technology as the research and development of cutting-edge industrial technology. According to the Korea Information Security Agency under the National Intelligence Service(NIS), the number of cases that attempted to leak Korean advanced technology abroad is on the rise gradually. In particular, unlike the past trends in which the leaks occurred mainly in the fields of the IT, automobile, shipbuilding, and IT industries, the victims cover SMEs and research institutes currently, reaching the bio-industry for green energy development as well. Therefore, this study will discuss the urban design through crime prevention through environmental design(CPTED) and the expansion of CCTV installation which is a key issue, as a countermeasure against crime in Korea.

Until now, there has been a number of cases of aviation accidents occurred in Korea, such as the kidnapping case of Changrang-Ho by North Korea(1958), KAL YS-11 kidnapping case(1969), KAL F-27 kidnapping case(1969), KAL B727 attempted kidnapping(1985), KAL KE858 Air Explosion Case(1987), KAL B747 attempted kidnapping(1988), KAL 388 attempted kidnapping(1993), etc. In response to such accidents, the South Korean government allowed air security personnel to carry weapons, along with the uniformed police officer after the 1969 aircraft kidnapping case and has allowed the petition police to carry out the work of aviation security personnel since 1970. Also, it introduced a new system in which security personnel board the aircraft by a visa agreement with the United States in 2008. Therefore, under the influence of the Air Marshall system of the United States, in the case of airline flights suspected of terrorism in Korea, security personnel are confidently carrying on counter-terrorism work within the aircraft, and such aviation security services are also being studied in academia. However, as humankind is experiencing an increasing number of national emergencies due to natural disasters compared with the past, the study of the occurrence of aviation safety accidents caused by earthquakes and storm and flood has not been conducted yet. So, in this study, I would like to introduce and discuss Korea's aviation safety manual for earthquake and storm and flood accidents.

Korea's rapid economic growth has further diversified its security environment, so Korea has been introducing a private security system to work with police since 1970, which is a crime prevention system in developed countries. However, in the case of the detective, all of the OECD member countries except Korea are active to introduce it as a major area of private security. Even though the detective system in Korea has not yet been legislated, the private investigators from developed countries have entered into Korea to conduct the detective works since Korea became an OECD member in 1996. Therefore, it is the right time for Korea to prepare for introducing a private detective system. The Korean detective system, however, began in the Japanese colonial period(1910-1945), and was regulated as Chosun governor general ordinance No. 82. in 1911, and then after liberation, the detective business was conducted again, but on September 23, 1961, the "Private Agency Regulation Act" was enacted and regulated. In Korea, there are a lot of companies that are engaged in real detective business by using the name of a consulting company or the cases where a private security company carries out a detective business, but they are crowded for doing this business with no legal basis. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and discuss the research questions on the necessity of the introduction of Korean detective business law through an in-depth interview with the expert group.

As complex risk factors become routinized, social safety and safety culture are gaining attention as important social issues. Emphasis on safety culture reflects the fact that the need for social control over complex risk factors keeps increasing. It is difficult, however, to quantify safety culture as it has intangible and qualitative character-istics. Although it can be managed and improved with qualitative data, it can be managed and improved even more effectively when quantitative data are added. In the private security field, it is more important to understand safety culture as a profession which imple-ments safety-related tasks and manages safety. Even though Korea has undergone various incidents and acci-dents on a continual basis due to its compressed economic development, understanding and efforts on safety culture have been deficient owing to lack of awareness and non-systematic activities conducted by the private sector. This study found out assessment factors which constitute safety culture through DHP technique and drew out relative importance of the factors constituting the safety culture. As a result of the 1st Delphi analysis, a total of 73 factors of safety culture were drawn out and, through literature review on the preceding studies and meeting of the experts on researches, individual factors were finally classified into safety value, safety attitude, safety behavior and safety knowledge while organizational factors were classified into safety atmosphere, safety pro-cedure, safety education and safety motivation, totaling 73 factors. Based on the results of the 2nd Delphi, 6 factors with CVR values less than 1.0 and average less than 3.0, which were 1 item of safety attitude, 1 item of safety atmosphere, 2 items of safety procedure and 2 items of safety motive, were deleted, finalizing 67 items. In the 3rd AHP analysis, paired comparison was conducted on 67 factors and weights for each factor and their priority order were drawn out. Among the constituting factors of safety culture, safety value and safety motive had highest weights, followed in descending order by safety behavior, safety atmosphere, safety attitude, safety education, safety procedure and safety Knowledge. Although some factors among those which were studied and drawn out by this study are relatively insignifi-cant, even those factors need to be handled carefully as they also constitute safety culture. This study is expected to work as the basic data and to maintain a high level without compromising any one of the factors. In addition, subsequent studies by other researchers should prevent and prepare for various risks through integrated and long-term management of safety culture, not randomly and sporadically handled by industry, region and occu-pation. Studies on safety have been conducted through history and will also continue with the history of humanity. In the process of these studies, quantification of phenomena related to safety will work as a cornerstone for a higher level of research activities through measurement and comparison.